As Europe begins opening as much as vacationers once more, it’s extra thrilling than ever to consider the cultural treasures that await. For me, one of many nice joys of journey is having in-person encounters with nice artwork — which I’ve collected in a e-book referred to as Europe’s Prime 100 Masterpieces. Right here’s considered one of my favorites:
For two,000 years, the Parthenon temple in Athens remained virtually completely intact. However in 1687, with Athens beneath siege, the Parthenon was used to retailer an enormous cache of gunpowder. (See the place that is going?) Pow! A large explosion despatched large chunks of the Parthenon in every single place. Then in 1801, the British ambassador, Lord Elgin, carted probably the most treasured surviving bits of carved stone off to London, the place they wow guests to at the present time — the “Elgin Marbles.”
London’s British Museum exhibits off the statues and reduction panels that after adorned the highest of the Parthenon’s now-bare exterior. The reliefs, carved in about 430 BC, are a part of the 500-foot-long frieze that after ringed the temple. They present 56 snapshots from historical Athens’ most festive event: a grand parade up the Acropolis hill to have fun town’s birthday.
The parade begins with males on horseback, struggling to rein of their spirited steeds. Subsequent come musicians taking part in flutes, whereas women dance. Distinguished residents experience in chariots, children scamper alongside, and clergymen lead ceremonial oxen for sacrifice. On the coronary heart of the procession is a gaggle of teenage ladies. Wearing elegant pleated robes, they shuffle alongside carrying items for the gods, like incense burners and jugs of wine.
The ladies had been entrusted with the parade’s most vital present: a folded-up gown. Because the parade culminated contained in the Parthenon, the women symbolically offered the gown to the temple’s 40-foot-tall gold-and-ivory statue of Athena.
The realism is unimaginable: the boys’s well-defined muscle tissue, the horses’ bulging veins. The ladies’ intricately pleated robes make them look as secure as fluted columns, however they step out naturally — the human type rising from the stone. These panels had been initially painted in daring colours. Amid the bustle of particulars, the frieze has one unifying ingredient — all of the heads are on the similar stage, headed the identical course, making a single ribbon of humanity across the Parthenon.
The Parthenon’s most important entrance was adorned with a grandiose scene depicting the second when town of Athens was born. These statues nestled contained in the triangular-shaped pediment over the door. It exhibits the Greek gods lounging round at an Olympian banquet. All of a sudden, there’s a stir of exercise. The gods flip towards a miraculous occasion: Zeus has simply had his head break up open to disclose Athena, the image of town. (Sadly, that key scene is lacking — it’s the empty house on the peak of the triangle.)
These pediment statues are lifelike and three-dimensional, reclining in fully pure and relaxed poses. The ladies’s robes cling and rumple naturally, revealing their excellent anatomy beneath.
A last set of reduction panels (the so-called metopes) depict a Greek legend that sums up the whole Parthenon. They present the primeval Greek folks brawling with brutish centaurs. It’s a free-for-all of hair-pulling, throat-grabbing, kicks to the shin, and knees to the groin. Lastly, the people get the higher hand — symbolizing how the civilized Athenians triumphed over their barbarian neighbors.
In actual life, the Greeks rallied from a brutal conflict, and capped their restoration by constructing the Parthenon. The treasured Elgin Marbles characterize the cream of the crop of that biggest of Greek temples. And so they seize that second in human historical past when civilization triumphed over barbarism, rational thought over animal urges, and order over chaos.
